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Mortality in 17
15,5 deaths per 100.000 inhabitants
Men 77.800 deaths
Women 56.00 deaths
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Source Eurostat
By age group
Number of glasses of alcohol (average over last 7 days)
Men Women
18-4 years 10.0 .
5-4 years 10.6 4.1
5-44 years 1.7 5.
45-54 years 17.1 6.1
55-64 years 1.6 5.7
65-75 years 15.0 4.
Among young people
no consumption rare/occasional consumption regular consumption
1-1 years 61% % 0
14-15 years 6% 58% 6%
16-17 years % 7% 6%
18 years 17% 74% %
Source Survey CFES 15
During 14 - 15, a distinct rise in consumption was noted among young people. In 15, 65% of young people between 1-18 years old (70% boys and 5% girls) consumed alcohol, compared with 47% in 14. We noted a considerable increase in consumption of beverages with a high alcohol content for all age groups. In young people between 1 and 1 years old, 1 out of 5 admitted to occasional drinking. Among 17-year-olds, the percentage is 68%.
The number of drunken episodes is also increasing significantly. Today, two-thirds of 1-5 years olds claim they have never been drunk, compared with three-quarters in 14. These drunken episodes are characterized by large amounts of beverages consumed, constantly increasing with age.
Developments over the past few years
Consumption has decreased by 5% between 170 and 10. Wine consumption, a traditional part of the culture, still predominates, while beer remains stable and consumption of spirits is slightly on the increase.
Generally speaking, the percentage of regular drinkers has decreased continually since 181, while the proportion of occasional drinkers continues to increase. The proportion of non-consumers appears to have stabilized following a period of decrease.
Over the last twenty years, alcohol consumption has been characterized by a definite decrease in wine consumption (especially ordinary wines), stability in consumption of spirits, and a decrease in beer consumption. In 15, INRA researchers investigated the stabilization, and possibly slight increase, in wine consumption.
The number of deaths linked to alcohol intoxication is 4.6% of the total number of deaths (figures from 1).
Frequency of pathologies linked to chronic alcohol intoxication 5 per 100 000 inhabitants (details in the table on Europe).
Over one-third of deaths from road traffic accidents (that is, 4,500), one-quarter of suicides and half of all homicides may be directly linked to alcohol. (INSERM, 1)
According to the Road Safety department, in 14, illegal BAC limits were mentioned in 7% of fatal traffic accident reports.
The number of alcohol-dependent persons is estimated at approximately million.
There is no epidemiological survey on fetal alcohol syndrome. In France, the incidence of fetal alcohol syndrome has been estimated at as cases per 1,000 to 1 per 10,000 viable newborns in 11 according to region, the type of calculation and the stage of the disease. ( Alcool et Communication CFES, 17)
Licensing there are 4 different types of licenses depending on the type of beverage
• first-category license for the sale of beverages in the first group non-alcoholic beverages and those with an alcohol level under 1.%.
• second-category license for sale of beverages in the second group fermented, non-distilled beverages (wine, beer, cider, perry), natural sweet wines under the fiscal system for wines, black-current concentrate, and fermented fruit or vegetable juice containing 1. to % alcohol.
• third-category license for the sale of beverages in the third group natural sweet wines other than those in group , liqueur wines, wine-based cocktail drinks, and strawberry, raspberry, black current or cherry liqueurs that titer under 18 degrees pure alcohol.
• fourth-category license for the sale of beverages in the fourth and fifth groups all other alcoholic beverages.
Legal age limit for consumption in public places 16 years (18 years for alcohol in the rd and 4th groups)
Legal age limit to purchase alcohol 16 years.
Legal hours of sale
• in gas stations, it is forbidden to sell alcohol between 00 and 600.
• no sale of alcoholic beverages in automatic distribution machines
• limited consumption in facilities for physical and sports activities (art 4-1-).
• no sale of alcohol in sports events (law dated July 1, 1) (some exceptions are provided for in the texts)
Advertising
Beverage distribution code modified by law number 1- relative to the law against smoking and alcoholism known as Evins Law dated January 10, 11 (art. 17 to 1), in effect since January 1, 1.
All direct or indirect advertising for alcoholic beverages is forbidden for television, films, facilities for sports events, local associations for young people or ongoing education centers.
Sponsoring of sports events by alcohol is forbidden. Radio advertising is allowed at certain times of the day.Message limited to a simple description of beverages
No message inciting young people to consume alcohol is allowed. All advertising must include a health-related message (alcohol abuse may have harmful effects on your health).
Alcoholism Abuse Prevention Measures
Governmental policy on alcohol
In December 15, France adopted the principles and recommendations of the WHO Alcohol Action Plan (1).
The Haut Comit de la Sant Publique -HCSP- (High Committee for Public Health) has been assigned three priority objectives
• a decrease of 0% in average alcohol consumption per capita.
• reduction of damaging alcoholic behavior with health and social consequences.
• reduction of regional variations such that all regions achieve the level of regions with the lowest levels of consumption.
The Caisse nationale dassurance maladie -CNAM- (National Health Insurance Fund) is the institution that provides social and medical coverage. The CNAM finances health expenses, including costs related to treatment of problems linked to alcoholism. The National Health Prevention, Education and Information Fund, created in 188, reports to the CNAM. With a budget of approximately 1 billion francs, the fund is dedicated to prevention of high-risk behavior in general. Its financing program, which must be approved by the government, strongly emphasizes traditional methods of medical prevention programs (vaccination, cancer screening, etc.). The regional health insurance funds are among the organizations that benefit from these funds.
The Comit français dducation pour la sant CFES- (French Health Education Committee) is a national organization under the aegis of the Ministry of Health created by the Secretary of State to develop and implement communication and education programs within the framework of health promotion policies. With nation-wide responsibilities, the organization is developing a methodology to coordinate nation-wide actions and more specific actions in the field. Partners Ministries of Health, National Education, Youth and Sports, and the main organizations, associations and foundations dedicated to promoting health, including, for alcohol, Centers for Nutritional Hygiene and Alcohol Problems and Committees for the Prevention of Alcoholism (see below).
National information campaigns
184-186 a message on moderate consumption, Un verre ça va, trois verres, bonjour les dgats (One glass is OK, but three is too much!) and Un second verre pour leau (A second glass for water).
11-15 campaign for young people. Derogatory message Tu tes vu quand tu as bu? (How do you look when youre drunk?)
17 -000 Et vous avec lalcool, vous en êtes où? (And where are you with alcohol? )
Locations for actions school, companies, health care facilities and all other public venues.
Targets young people, the family, the elderly, companies.
Restaurants
Public eating places go by several names
• Das Restaurant has a varied menu of hot food, including perhaps a Spezialität.
• Der Ratskeller is a restaurant located in the city hall (das Rathaus). Take a look at an actual German menu.
How much can you understand already?
• Die Gaststätte, found especially in smaller villages, is similar to our cafes and is frequently a source of authentic cooking.
• Das Cafe is essentially a coffeehouse that usually has pastries available and occasionally other snacks.
ein Cafe in Wien
• Die Konditorei is a pastry shop, often connected with a Cafe. Here the patron may slowly sip a cup of coffee with Schlagsahne (whipped cream) while enjoying a piece of pastry.
eine Konditorei
mmmm....lecker!
• Especially in the smaller towns and neighborhood Gaststätten, there is usually a table marked Stammtisch. This table is reserved for the group of regular patrons who spend a part of every evening around the table discussing the days events, arguing politics, or playing cards. The Stammtisch is also a part of German private life. Thus a newcomer sits at this table only when he is invited to join the Stammgäste.
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